PROCESS

 COINS

The coins are produced by the Royal Canadian Mint facilities in Winnipeg, Manitoba and Ottawa, Ontario, in denominations of 5 ¢ (nickel), 10 ¢ (dime), 25 ¢ (quarter), 50 ¢ (50 ¢ piece) ( although the 50 ¢ piece is no longer distributed to banks and is only available directly from the mint, so it has very little circulation), $ 1 (loonie) and $ 2 (toonie). The last 1 ¢ (penny) coin to be minted in Canada was minted on May 4, 2012, [13] and distribution of the penny ceased on February 4, 2013 [14]. Since then, the price of a cash transaction has been rounded to the nearest five cents. The penny is still legal tender, although it is only accepted as payment and is not returned as change.

The standard set of designs has Canadian symbols, usually wildlife, on the reverse and an effigy of Elizabeth II on the obverse. There are a few cents, five and ten cents in circulation bearing the effigy of George VI. It is also common for American coins to be in circulation due to the proximity to the United States and the fact that the sizes of the coins are similar. Commemorative coins with different backs are also issued irregularly, most often in quarters. 50 ¢ coins are rarely in circulation; they are often collected and not used regularly in daily transactions in most provinces.